詞義句意題是考研閱讀的基本題型,雖然所占分值不高,但閱讀中對(duì)于詞語和句子的考查卻無處不在,所以掌握這類題型的解題技巧對(duì)于同學(xué)提升閱讀
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詞義句意題是考研閱讀的基本題型,雖然所占分值不高,但閱讀中對(duì)于詞語和句子的考查卻無處不在,所以掌握這類題型的解題技巧對(duì)于同學(xué)提升閱讀能力大有裨益!
1. 詞義句意題命題形式,一般會(huì)出現(xiàn)引號(hào)加某個(gè)詞或某一短語。如:
(1)The phrase (word, sentence) "..." (in line...) most probably means .
(2)By "...", the wrier (probably ) means .
(3)What does the author probably mean by "..." in... paragraph?
(4)From the passage, we can infer that the word "..."is .等等
2. 考查分類:詞義句意題考查范圍一般分為兩類。
(1)綱內(nèi)詞匯詞義引申??疾焱瑢W(xué)對(duì)所熟悉的詞匯在特定語境下正確含義的理解。這類題型能較好地考查考生對(duì)語言的領(lǐng)悟能力,具有較高的區(qū)分度,因此這類詞匯在詞匯短語題中考查的比重較大。對(duì)于這類詞匯,一般而言,該詞的本義不是解(這也可以應(yīng)用到短語或諺語推斷等題型),但仍然可以找到其引申意義的影子。
(2)綱外詞匯詞義的推斷:根據(jù)上下句的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推測(cè)。
3.解題技巧
同學(xué)必須明確,不管所考的詞語有多超綱,都能夠通過上下文得出其意思;不管這個(gè)詞有多熟悉,都必須通過上下文得出其在特定場(chǎng)合的意思。在克服畏懼心理的同時(shí),也要避免直接用自己熟悉的意義去解釋詞義。對(duì)句子的理解也要通過前后關(guān)聯(lián)的句子進(jìn)行推測(cè)。比如利用前后的并列、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、利用文中給出的定義或?qū)λM(jìn)行的重述、利用所舉的例子進(jìn)行歸納、利用同義/近義/反義詞、利用特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等等。
[2006 Text 4]People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery: They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.
The word "bummer"(Line 5, Paragraph 5) most probably means something________.
[A] religious [B] unpleasant [C] entertaining [D] commercial
分析:bummer的本意是流浪漢。但是考研文章中出現(xiàn)的生詞一般都不會(huì)是原意,所以要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系來猜。由劃線詞bummer后面的too,可以斷定bummer和它的上一句是并列關(guān)系。然后通過分析得知上一句是說,"在西方,在大眾傳媒和讀寫普及之前,最強(qiáng)大的大眾媒介是教堂,它提醒信徒們,他們的靈魂處于危險(xiǎn)之中,他們總有一天會(huì)成為蛆蟲的食物"。后面一句是說,"知道了這些事情,他們不需要他們的藝術(shù)也做同樣的事情"。所以根據(jù)并列關(guān)系,就可以推測(cè)出bummer的意思和B unpleasant 相近。
[2004 Text 1] Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again.
The expression "tip service" (Line 3-4, Paragraph 3) most probably means________.
[A] advisory [B] compensation [C] interaction [D] reminder
分析:tip 的意思很多,比如"頂端,小費(fèi),提示"等,但是考研文章中出現(xiàn)的生詞一般都不會(huì)是原意,所以要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系來猜。由句中的分號(hào),可判斷上下兩句之間的關(guān)系是并列。上一句提到,可以把代理當(dāng)作一種tip service, 下一句則對(duì)這個(gè)詞進(jìn)行了解釋:當(dāng)你收到電子郵件時(shí),把它當(dāng)作是提醒再次檢查資料庫的提示,所以reminder和tip service 是前后呼應(yīng),互為其解。
最后,選出選項(xiàng)后一定要代入文章,看其是否與文中的語境、句子的結(jié)構(gòu)相符,語義是否流暢來進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)?!?br />
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