摘要:在考研英語(yǔ)閱讀中,長(zhǎng)難句的結(jié)構(gòu)分析一直是廣大考研學(xué)子閱讀理解中一個(gè)不容忽視的障礙,在這里給大家分析一下如何處理考研英語(yǔ)中分詞作
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摘要:在考研英語(yǔ)閱讀中,長(zhǎng)難句的結(jié)構(gòu)分析一直是廣大考研學(xué)子閱讀理解中一個(gè)不容忽視的障礙,在這里給大家分析一下如何處理考研英語(yǔ)中分詞作狀語(yǔ)的情況。
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在考研英語(yǔ)閱讀中,長(zhǎng)難句的結(jié)構(gòu)分析一直是閱讀理解中一個(gè)不容忽視的障礙,盤根錯(cuò)節(jié)的從句和結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常常把我們搞得暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向,不知所措。其實(shí),由于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)比起從句來(lái)說(shuō)會(huì)使整個(gè)句子更為緊湊和簡(jiǎn)潔,所以在文章中常常會(huì)使用到非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的形式包括動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞、動(dòng)詞不定式,它們?cè)诰渥又锌梢猿洚?dāng)不同的句子成分,本文就來(lái)談一下如何處理考研英語(yǔ)中分詞作狀語(yǔ)的情況。
一、表時(shí)間,可以和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句互換。如:
Studying in the university, he was very popular among his classmates.=
When he studied in the university, he was very popular among his classmates.
Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. =
When she saw those pictures, she remembered her childhood.
二、表原因,可以和原因狀語(yǔ)從句互換。如:
Not knowing her address, I wasn't able to contact her. =
Because I did not know her address, I wasn't able to contact her.
三、表?xiàng)l件,可以和條件狀語(yǔ)從句互換。如:
Walking to work, you will save quite a lot of money.=
If you walk to work, you will save quite a lot of money.
四、表讓步,可以和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句互換。如:
Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. =
Although he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.
五、表方式,如:
He earns a living driving a truck.
I'm returning you letter as requested.
六、表伴隨,如:
Losing a job is hurting: you don't skip down to the job centre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state.
在這個(gè)句子中,delighted分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ),表示去求職中心的狀態(tài)。
七、表結(jié)果,分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)在考研英語(yǔ)閱讀中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn),并作為因果邏輯關(guān)系的考點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在題干和選項(xiàng)中,請(qǐng)大家一定要注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的這種語(yǔ)法功能。如:
The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.
在這句話中,tempting分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),表示最好的律師掙錢很多這種現(xiàn)象帶來(lái)的結(jié)果是引起更多學(xué)生考法律學(xué)校。題干中的問(wèn)題是A lot of students take up law as their profession due to,即學(xué)生學(xué)法律專業(yè)的原因是什么,這個(gè)問(wèn)題從上句話中就可以找出答案,是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)的吸引,即選項(xiàng)the attraction of financial rewards。
By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.
在這個(gè)句子中,shaking 分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),表示品牌綁架時(shí)尚圈的后果。
Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.
在這個(gè)句子中,leading分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),表示科技將治愈人類所有疾病后帶來(lái)的結(jié)果。
八.與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格,如
Human nature being what it is, most people stick with default settings.
在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中,需要注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是其前出現(xiàn)的名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)。Being what it is 的邏輯主語(yǔ)是human nature, 翻譯為人類本性就是這樣。
在考研英語(yǔ)閱讀中,分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)在句中出現(xiàn)的頻率很大,大家需要注意分辨清分詞短語(yǔ)與主句的邏輯關(guān)系,這樣我們才能更好地理清文章結(jié)構(gòu),進(jìn)而在選擇答案時(shí)能夠做到有的放矢。
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