考研常見長(zhǎng)難詞，帶你輕松記

　　【摘要】對(duì)于許多考研er來說，詞匯都是一大硬傷。單詞如此難記，大多數(shù)人都會(huì)陷入記完就忘的怪圈，長(zhǎng)難詞更是易忘易混。今天，小編分享一些常見的長(zhǎng)難詞，帶你理解帶你記。

　　?preconception

　　preconception n.預(yù)想，偏見

　　[真題例句] Some , however , are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconception of the form scientific theory ought to take, by persons in authority, act to alter the growth pattern of different areas.[1996年翻譯]

　　[例句精譯] 然而，不同的發(fā)展過程中，有些不怎么合理——在這些發(fā)展過程中，一些權(quán)威人士對(duì)科學(xué)研究應(yīng)該采取的方式有偏見，從而改變了不同科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展模式。

　　?predominantly

　　predominantly  ad.占優(yōu)勢(shì)地，主要地，壓倒性地

　　[真題例句] In Manhattan, “there’s a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,” says broker Barbara Corcoran.[2004年閱讀3]

　　[例句精譯] 經(jīng)紀(jì)人巴巴拉?考克蘭說,在曼哈頓“由于華爾街獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)措施的刺激，出現(xiàn)了四百萬至一千萬美元之間的淘金熱。”

　　?presumptively

　　presumptivelyad.據(jù)推測(cè)

　　[真題例句] He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear ... that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.”[2002年閱讀4]

　　[例句精譯] 他說，行醫(yī)資格理事會(huì)“必須明確表明——病人痛苦地死亡，可以推定，是由于醫(yī)生處理不力造成的，應(yīng)該因此吊銷其從醫(yī)資格”。

　　?profitability

　　profitabilityn.收益性，利益率

　　[真題例句] His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied reengineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.[1998年閱讀2]

　　[例句精譯] 他的同事邁克·比爾說，太多的企業(yè)用機(jī)械的方式進(jìn)行重組機(jī)構(gòu)，在沒有充分考慮到長(zhǎng)期效益的情況下就降低了成本。

　　?psychological

　　psychological  a.心理(上)的

　　[真題例句] The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a “cease admissions” letter noting the “medical /psychological” nature of problem gambling behaviors, the letter said that before being readmitted to the patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.[2006年新題型]

　　[例句精譯] 娛樂場(chǎng)將他的照片歸入了禁止賭博的人員中，并給他寫了“停止入場(chǎng)”的信，信中記錄了賭博行為問題的“醫(yī)學(xué)的/心理的”狀態(tài)和性質(zhì)。信中寫道，在重新被接納可以進(jìn)入娛樂場(chǎng)消費(fèi)前，不會(huì)對(duì)他的安全和財(cái)產(chǎn)產(chǎn)生任何威脅。

　　?qualification

　　qualification n.①資格，合格;②限定，條件;③合格證

　　[真題例句] Yet the result may be worse qualifications (①), because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.[2004年閱讀2]

　　[例句精譯] 然而，(這種情況的)結(jié)果可能就是成績(jī)欠佳，因?yàn)檫@種學(xué)生得到的個(gè)人關(guān)注較少，同時(shí)當(dāng)眾講話時(shí)的信心也不足。

　　?questionnaire

　　questionnaire n.調(diào)查表，問卷

　　[真題例句] In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in fivemiddle size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area.[2001年閱讀3]

　　[例句精譯] 在最近一次調(diào)查中，問卷被送到了全國(guó)五座中等城市及一座大都市的記者手中。

　　?revolutionary

　　revolutionary a.革命的，革新的;n.革命者

　　[真題例句] A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary (a.) theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears;[2005年閱讀3]

　　[例句精譯] 一個(gè)世紀(jì)前，弗洛伊德開創(chuàng)了他革命性的理論，即，夢(mèng)是我們潛意識(shí)里愿望和恐懼偽裝的影子。

　　?semiconductor

　　semiconductor  n.半導(dǎo)體

　　[真題例句] For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.[2000年閱讀1]

　　[例句精譯]人們?cè)欢雀杏X下一個(gè)在海外品牌面前全軍覆沒的似乎該輪到美國(guó)的半導(dǎo)體制造業(yè)了，而在新計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)代有著核心作用的半導(dǎo)體正是美國(guó)人發(fā)明的。

　　?substantially

　　substantially ad.①主要地;②實(shí)質(zhì)上地

　　[真題例句] In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially (②) from regular programs.[1994年閱讀3]

　　[例句精譯] 作為回應(yīng)，學(xué)校也在調(diào)整課程安排，使授課能夠適應(yīng)特殊兒童，適應(yīng)那些不能從常規(guī)課程中真正獲益的兒童的需要。

　　?underestimate

　　underestimate v.低估

　　[真題例句] Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past.[2006年閱讀3]

　　[例句精譯] 因?yàn)闆]有帶餌的魚鉤來捕捉它們，一些個(gè)體因此沒有捕捉到，這導(dǎo)致了過去對(duì)魚類數(shù)量的低估。

　　?unenlightened

　　unenlightened a.無知的，落后的

　　[真題例句] The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life.[1996年閱讀5]

　　[例句精譯] 所有這些書的目的是試圖告訴那些迷惑而且常常是還不開通的人：就宇宙和生命的起源與發(fā)展問題而言，不可能存在兩種都成立的科學(xué)理論。

　　?unintentional

　　unintentional  a.不是故意的，無意識(shí)的

　　[真題例句] Which of the following is true according to the text?[2004年閱讀2]

　　[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.

　　[例句精譯]根據(jù)本文的觀點(diǎn)，下面哪項(xiàng)正確?

　　[D] 字母表使用不當(dāng)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致無意識(shí)的偏見和歧視

　　?unprecedented

　　unprecedented a.空前的

　　[真題例句] Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation.[2006年閱讀1]

　　[例句精譯] 格雷戈里. 羅德里格茲在《國(guó)家移民論壇》中寫到，今天的移民既沒有達(dá)到空前絕后的水平也沒有能抵擋住同化作用。

　　?unsustainable

　　unsustainable  a.不能成立的，不能支持的

　　[真題例句] Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable.Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it.[2003年閱讀4]

　　[例句精譯] 任何人都明白這個(gè)趨勢(shì)不可能維持下去，但是很少有人愿意扭轉(zhuǎn)它。

　?。ㄎ沂菍?shí)習(xí)小編夏至：不忘初心，方得始終；念念不忘，必有回響）